Tech
Blockchain technology for verifying electoral data
Last updated: February 15, 2024 6:16 pm EST | 6 minute read
Source: Pixabay
This year, more than 60 countries around the world will hold national and regional elections 2024 will be the most important election year in history. But there are growing concerns about this misinformation and disinformation driven largely by artificial intelligence (AI) will influence the elections.
An example of this occurred recently when an AI-enabled call using US President Joe Biden’s voice he called thousands of people in the United States
Results of the World Economic Forum Global Risk Report 2024 they also show that misinformation and disinformation are likely to be one of the main global risks in the next two years.
The report states that “both foreign and domestic actors will exploit disinformation and disinformation to widen social and political divisions.”
The report also highlights that this risk will be even greater given that there will be a large number of elections in the near future, as more than 3 billion people will go to the polls in 2024 and 2025.
Blockchain leveraged for data verification
Although misleading information poses a major global threat, industry experts have highlighted this Blockchain technology can play an important role in fighting this challenge.
Paul Brody, global head of blockchain for Ernst & Young (EY), told Cryptonews that, like many people, he believes this year could break records for fake news.
That said, Brody explained that EY has created a blockchain-based traceability solution called “OpsChain” that performs document authentication through a series of APIs.
“OpsChain runs on the public Ethereum infrastructure,” Brody said. “The solution hashes and timestamps documents, placing that information on the blockchain for verification.”
The EY Ops Chain Public Edition prototype will allow businesses to transact securely on a shared system #blockchainpublic. Find out how this new application will improve #blockchain adoption. https://t.co/OzuchF7BUw pic.twitter.com/D4s7Qi6mO0
— EY (@EYnews) October 31, 2018
Brody shared that OpsChain is currently leveraged by ANSA, an Italian news agency that generates over 1 million articles per year. According to a EY blog post, when a publisher publishes a news story on ANSA, it is entered into the OpsChain system with an ID and publication details. All this information is stored as files immutable block on Ethereum.
When an article is published online, it includes an “ANSACheck” sticker, which allows readers to see who wrote the article and whether it has been republished.
“Readers can take the full text from an ANSA article and verify that it is original,” Brody said.
This is important, as Brody added that the same process can be applied to election data.
“When you put data into a public ecosystem, you want it to be verifiable independent from other parties. EY’s goal is to make this easier by using APIs,” he said. “This allows any entity to create timestamps for data on the Ethereum blockchain. All transactions are confirmed within 15 seconds of execution.” .
The role of cryptography for data verification
David Sneider, co-founder of Lit Protocol, told Cryptonews that cryptographic signatures can also be used to verify data.
Sneider explained that Lit Protocol, a distributed key management network, does this by leveraging “multi-party calculation (MPC) secret threshold schemes” to cryptographically sign documents and other items.
“’Secret Multi-Party Computing (MPC) Threshold Schemes’ essentially means taking key material and splitting it into different parts so that no centralized custodian can access it,” Sneider said. “In the case of the Lit protocol, 20 out of 30 node operators can generate permission to use the underlying key to sign something for data verification.”
Sneider explained that Lit Protocol partners using the technology are known as “issuers,” since they have access to the decentralized key. These issuers can then create verifiable credentials or prove that the data is accurate.
“One of our ecosystem partners is using the Lit protocol to cryptographically assert that a cryptocurrency address is associated with a particular Twitter account,” Sneider noted.
Additionally, the Starling Lab for Data Integrity at Stanford University applies the Lit protocol to journalism data verification and privacy.
“Journalists in areas subject to censorship can privately and anonymously publish media content in places where the Internet is restricted,” Sneider said.
While this solution is not applied to election data, Sneider pointed out that it can be used to ensure that publications or videos come from election candidates or government officials.
Interestingly, White House Special Advisor on Artificial Intelligence Ben Buchanan recently said this US government officials are exploring cryptographic verification methods to combat deep fakes.
Additionally, Sneider said blockchain can be applied to cryptographic signature to act as a timestamp on when data was actually verified.
“A blockchain is a global clock that allows us to create a timestamp and proof when certain content, for example, has been published,” he said.
Fingerprint for data verification
While blockchain and cryptography offer immutable data verification, other emerging technologies are also stepping in to combat misinformation. Fingerprinting arose as one such solution that can be combined with blockchain technology, providing a way to distinctly identify and authenticate content. As the election approaches, these methods could prove critical in supporting data integrity in organizations and media.
Mariale Montenegro, founder and CEO of Mentaport, told Cryptonews that Mentaport is using such technology to ensure data verification. According to Montenegro, Mentaport uses fingerprinting technology to embed a unique identifier in content metadata.
“This identifier is securely linked to the blockchain, creating an unalterable certificate that authenticates the origin, ownership and authenticity of the content,” Montenegro said.
Although Mentaport is still in the private beta phase, Montenegro explained that a news organization could use the solution to verify content.
“Before publication, the content is sent to the Mentaport platform, where it is analyzed and certified as authentic,” he said. “The certification, along with the content metadata, is then recorded on the blockchain.”
Once data is entered onto the blockchain, Montenegro explained that readers can verify the authenticity of the content via Mentaport, as everything placed on the blockchain is transparent and open.
While the same may apply to election-generated content, Montenegro explained that the decision to move from private beta to a broader rollout will be based on ensuring the technology not only meets, but exceeds the expectations of current users and stakeholders .
Will Government Agencies Leverage Blockchain Solutions?
While the potential for blockchain-based solutions is clear, the question remains whether government agencies involved in upcoming elections will want to leverage this technology.
“The primary obstacle we face today is that government agencies, particularly campaign organizations, are unwilling to adopt cutting-edge technology,” Brody said.
While Brody said it’s reasonable to be hesitant about new technologies, he stressed that he hopes to see greater adoption this year due to the growing amount of false information.
Sneider added that despite the White House’s interest in cryptographic verification, standards have yet to be developed.
According to Sneider, this is currently underway as he shared that the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity (C2PA) is implementing rules in relation to authenticity and provenance.
“This will be more usable for creators and publishers in the coming months,” he said.
However, even with the standards in place, Sneider believes another challenge will arise when it becomes commonplace for documents to be cryptographically signed for verification.
“If everything published is cryptographically signed, the question may arise: just because the data is signed, does that mean it is authentic? Someone should verify who signed the data and where the cryptographic key is,” Sneider said.
Furthermore, although blockchain verification processes are efficient, the technology is not always easy to use. Brody pointed out that this is why EY currently leverages an API model.
“OpsChain has actually been around for years, but EY recently moved to an all-API model to make it easier for others to adopt and test,” he said.
Sneider said Fox Corporation also uses the Lit Protocol verification process and authenticity check.
This has also been reported Fox partnered with Polygon Labs to use Verifywhich is an open source platform designed to verify the authenticity of content and monitor its usage across the web.
Sneider believes similar methods will be adopted across various companies and products in the future.
“If we end up in a world with more generative fakes, this model will be part of the browsing experience,” he said. “Websites will show the source of the content in their feeds, instead of asking people to visit a completely different website to see the verification.”
Tech
The Information Hires Peterson to Cover Tech, Finance, Cryptocurrency
My life is nice
Tech news site The Information has hired Business Insider actress to cover technology, finance and cryptocurrencies.
She was part of Business Insider’s investigative team. She was also previously a corporate technology reporter and a technology deals reporter.
Peterson has been with Business Insider since June 2017 and is based in the San Francisco office.
She previously worked for Folio as an associate editor. She holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of California-Davis and a master’s degree from New York University.
Chris Roush
Chris Roush is the former dean of the School of Communications at Quinnipiac University in Hamden, Connecticut. Previously, he was the Walter E. Hussman Sr. Distinguished Professor of Business Journalism at UNC-Chapel Hill. He is a former business reporter for Bloomberg News, Businessweek, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, The Tampa Tribune, and the Sarasota Herald-Tribune. He is the author of the leading business journalism textbook, Show Me the Money: Writing Business and Economics Stories for Mass Communication, and of Thinking Things Over, a biography of former Wall Street Journal editor Vermont Royster.
Tech
Trump Courts Crypto Industry Votes, Campaign Donations
About the article
- Author, Brandon Livesay
- Role, BBC News
-
July 27, 2024
Donald Trump said at one of the biggest cryptocurrency events of the year that if he is re-elected president, he will fire the chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on his first day.
On Saturday, Trump was the keynote speaker at Bitcoin 2024, a gathering of industry heavyweights in Nashville, Tennessee.
The Republican presidential candidate used the event to woo voters and encourage the tech community to donate to his campaign.
Cryptocurrencies have emerged as a political battleground for Republicans, with Trump saying that the Democratic Party and Vice President Kamala Harris were “against cryptocurrencies.”
The crowd was at its most animated when Trump declared, “On day one, I will fire Gary Gensler,” the SEC chairman appointed by now-President Joe Biden. The crowd applauded loudly and began chanting “Trump” at this statement.
SEC files charges against ‘Cryptocurrency King’ Sam Bankman-Frittosentenced to 25 years for stealing billions of dollars from customers of his cryptocurrency exchange FTX.
Speaking for about 45 minutes, Trump outlined some of his ideas for the industry if he wins the November election. He said he would make the United States the crypto capital of the world. His support for the sector is a 180-degree reversal from his comments in 2021, when he told Fox Business he saw Bitcoin as a “scam” that influence the value of the US dollar.
Trump told the crowd at the event that he would retain 100% of the Bitcoin currently owned or acquired by the U.S. government, adding that it would be a “national stockpile of Bitcoin.”
The former president also said he would “immediately appoint a presidential advisory council on Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies.”
He talked about the power needed to mine cryptocurrencies. “It takes a lot of electricity,” he said, adding that he would build power plants “to do that” and that it would “use fossil fuels.”
In recent months, some tech leaders have seen growing support for Trump’s presidential campaign. Tesla founder Elon Musk, who is the world’s richest person, has backed Trump. And cryptocurrency moguls the Winklevoss twins, who attended his speech on Saturday, have also come out in support.
Trump noted that his campaign accepts cryptocurrency donations, saying that in the two months since allowing cryptocurrency transactions, he has received $25 million (£20 million) in donations. However, he did not say how much of the payments came from cryptocurrency.
Trump used his speech to frame cryptocurrency regulation as a partisan issue, saying the Biden administration was “anti-crypto.”
Several Republican lawmakers also attended Trump’s speech, including Senators Tim Scott and Tommy Tuberville. Former Republican presidential candidate and Trump ally Vivek Ramaswamy was also in attendance.
The event was also attended by independent presidential candidate Robert F Kennedy Jr. and Democratic Party congressmen Wiley Nickel and Ro Khanna.
Earlier, during Bitcoin 2024, Democratic Congressman Nickel said that Kamala Harris was taking a “forward-thinking approach to digital assets and blockchain technology.”
Tech
WazirX Crypto Exchange Hack and Its Bounty Program: What Does It Mean for Crypto Investors in India?
On July 18, India Cryptocurrency exchange WazirX has been hit by a cyber attack which resulted in the loss of over $230 million worth of digital assets from one of its wallets. The exchange responded by suspending regular trading and reporting the incident to Indian authorities and other cryptocurrency exchanges. The company also launched two reward programs for ethical hackers who can help the exchange trace, freeze, and recover stolen funds.
WazirX said there was a cyberattack on a multi-signature wallet operated through a digital asset custodian service known as Liminal. Multi-signature wallets have a built-in security feature that requires multiple parties to sign transactions.
“The impact of the cyberattack is over $230 million on our clients’ digital assets,” WazirX said in a blog post, adding that INR funds were not affected. The company has firmly denied that WazirX itself was hacked and has brushed aside rumors that it was tricked by a phishing attack.
The exchange also noted that it was “certain” that its hardware keys had not been compromised, adding that an external forensic team would be tasked with investigating the matter further.
But Liminal, after completing its investigation, said: “It is clear that the genesis of this hack stems from three devices compromised by WazirX.”
Meanwhile, WazirX founder and CEO Nischal Shetty said that the attack would have been possible only if there were four points of failure in the digital signature process.
Who is behind the cyber attack?
WazirX has not yet disclosed the suspected parties or perpetrators responsible for the hack. However, news reports have emerged that North Korean hackers were responsible for the incident.
On-chain analytics and other information indicate “that this attack was perpetrated by hackers affiliated with North Korea,” blockchain analytics platform Elliptic said.
In response to The Hindu’s questions to WazirX about the North Korean hackers, cryptocurrency exchange WazirX directed us to its blog and said it was working with law enforcement to investigate whether a known malicious group was behind the attack.
“This incident affected the Ethereum multisig wallet, which consists of ETH and ERC20 tokens. Other blockchain funds are not affected,” WazirX said in its official blog, specifying that approximately 45% (according to preliminary work) of cryptocurrencies were affected by the attack.
The company largely placed the blame on the process of securing Ethereum multisig wallets and said that the vulnerability was not unique to WazirX.
How important is WazirX in the cryptocurrency industry?
WazirX calls itself India’s largest cryptocurrency exchange by volume. As of June 10, it reported total holdings of ₹4,203.88 Crores, or 503.64 million USDT. Tether [USDT] It is a stablecoin, that is, a cryptocurrency pegged to the value of the US dollar, but it is not an official currency of the United States.
When The Hindu tried to access WazirX Public and Real-Time Reserve Proof After the hack, we were greeted with a notice that the page was under maintenance.
WazirX has received both positive and negative reviews in India. The Enforcement Directorate froze the exchange’s assets in 2022, criticizing its operating procedures and lax Know-Your-Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regulations.
“By encouraging obscurity and adopting lax AML norms, it has actively assisted around 16 accused fintech companies in laundering proceeds of crime using the cryptocurrency route. Accordingly, equivalent movable assets amounting to Rs 64.67 Crore in possession of WazirX have been frozen under the PMLA, 2002,” the ED said in a statement.
What will happen to WazirX assets?
It is unlikely that the stolen WazirX assets will be fully recovered anytime soon. This is due to the very nature of cryptocurrency, where assets can be easily mixed, transferred, converted, and sent to anonymous wallets. The chances of asset recovery are even slimmer if it is confirmed that North Korean hackers are behind the incident.
CEO Shetty said on X on July 22 that “small” portions of the stolen funds had been frozen, but declined to provide further details. He added that the majority of the funds had not been moved from the attacker’s wallet.
In recent years, North Korean hackers have stolen billions of dollars in cryptocurrency, aiming to circumvent various financial and economic sanctions.
WazirX is currently working to resume normal operations and has planned to launch an online survey to decide how to resume trading on the platform.
While the Indian exchange has defended its security practices and highlighted the challenges facing the cryptocurrency industry as a whole, savvy crypto traders will be looking for action plans and accountability, rather than emotional reassurance.
What does your rewards program consist of?
WazirX has announced two bounty programs: one to gain more information about stolen funds, and the other to recover them. Both programs are open to everyone except WazirX employees and their immediate family members.
Under the first program, WaxirX will reward up to $10,000 to anyone who can provide the exchange with information that can help freeze the funds. If the bounty hunter is unable to freeze the funds on their own, they should work with WazirX by providing enough evidence to facilitate the process.
But “if the participant fails to freeze and/or does not cooperate with WazirX to facilitate the freezing of funds, then the participant will not be entitled to any rewards,” the exchange said.
The second program, called White Hat Recovery, is aimed at recovering funds. Participants are offered 10% of the amount recovered as a white hat incentive.
“This reward will be paid only after and subject to the successful receipt of the stolen amount by WazirX. The above rewards will be payable in USDT or in the form of recovered funds at the sole discretion of WazirX,” the exchange noted.
The bounty programs are expected to last for the next three months.
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Tech
Trump Vows to Make US ‘Crypto Capital of the Planet and Bitcoin Superpower’
Speaking to a crowd of supporters at the Bitcoin 2024 Conference in Nashville, Tennessee, former President and Republican candidate Donald Trump said that if elected, he would make the United States the “crypto capital of the planet and a Bitcoin superpower.”
Trump added that he would “appoint a Presidential Advisory Council on Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies,” which would have 100 days to “design transparent regulatory guidance that will benefit the entire industry.”
Trump has publicly opposed cryptocurrencies until recently. His latest statements serve as a rallying cry for a tech industry that has long called for more flexible regulatory oversight.
Shortly after taking the stage, Trump spent several minutes naming some of the conference attendees, at one point describing Winklevoss Twins Cameron and Tyler as “male role models with big, beautiful brains.” The former president has continued to speak out against electric car mandates and called for more fossil-fuel burning power plants.
Trump also said he would order the United States to withhold all Bitcoin it currently owns “in the future.” The U.S. government reportedly holds billions of dollars in Bitcoin.
About three years ago, Trump called Bitcoin “a fraud“that is “competing against the dollar.” In February 2024, the former president said that establishing a central bank digital currency would represent a “dangerous threat to freedom.” Yet, in May, Trump declared that he was “good with [crypto]“, adding, “if you’re pro-cryptocurrency you’d better vote for Trump.” That same month, he said he would commute with the Silk Road founder Ross Ulbricht’s Sentencingand his campaign said it would accept cryptocurrency donations.
Recent comments from Trump and independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. have helped make cryptocurrency regulation a major political issue in the 2024 U.S. presidential election. This comes as the SEC intensifies its scrutiny of the cryptocurrency industry. SEC Chairman Gary Gensler, appointed by President Joe Biden, called the activity “full of fraud, scams, bankruptcies and money laundering.” Trump drew applause at the conference after promising to “fire” Gensler. (U.S. presidents have the power to appoint the heads of many federal commissions, including the SEC.)
With Biden out of the raceVice President Kamala Harris’s campaign advisers have He is said to have contacted to cryptocurrency leaders in an effort to “reset” relations with the industry. Harris’s campaign has not yet said whether her stance on the industry differs from Biden’s.
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